Generic LoRaWAN® documentation

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Basics

Join behavior of the LoRaWAN® sensors

Before telemetry data can be sent via LoRaWAN, the device must establish a connection with the network. To do this, the device sends join requests until a join accept has been successfully received. As a compromise between energy consumption and a fast join, the transmission intervals of the join requests become longer and longer. In addition, the data rate is also varied (initially large data rate or small spreading factor, then smaller data rate or larger spreading factor). The join behavior strictly adheres to the specifications and recommendations of the LoRa Alliance specification. Sentinum sensors implement the specifications through so-called join bursts, the distance between which increases

A join burst consists of a maximum of 6 join requests with decreasing data rate (DR5-DR0) or increasing spreading factor (SF7-SF12). The intervals between the requests increase quadratically in order not to violate the Lora-Alliance specific duty cycle guidelines. The LoRa Alliance prescribes a decreasing duty cycle for join requests according to the following table Time duty cycle <1h 1% <11h 0.1%

11h 0.01%

This means that in the first phase (<1h) exactly the same amount of send budget is available as in the second (<11h), although only a tenth of the time is available. In order to make maximum use of the budget, the intervals between join bursts (consisting of max. 6 join requests) are initially small and then become larger. Specifically, 2 bursts are carried out in phase 1. In phase 2, 2 further bursts are carried out, and from phase 3 onwards, 1 burst is carried out per day. The length of the bursts increases from approx. 10 minutes in phase 1, to approx. 100 in phase 2, to up to 16 hours in phase 3.

EUIs and keys

All Sentinum sensors supplied have

• DEVEUI
• APPEUI
• APPKEY
• Product number

The 8-byte DEVEUI is a unique number selected from the Sentinum OUI block FC84A, which has been assigned to the sensors. The 8-byte APPEUI is also selected from Sentinum's own number range. Each sensor series always has the same APPEUI. This allows the product series to be identified within the Sentinum products. The 16-byte APPKEY is a key randomly generated by a program.

In addition, each product has an individual product number. Each product number (APOQXXXX, FEBRXXXX, ...) is linked to a DEVEUI and an APPKEY.

The scope of delivery includes the three keys listed for each LoRaWAN® sensor and are part of the package. In addition, the keys are provided via a secure cloud.

The APPEUI is displayed when read out by the Sentinum LinQs app.

Default parameters

The default parameters and default settings apply if no other values are specified in the product-specific documentation.

Parameters	Default	Optional (adjustable)
Activation	OTAA	ABP
LoRa MAC version	1.0.2	Update takes place if properties of the sensors are positively influenced.
Join Loop Datarate Start	SF7 (datarate 5)
Join Loop Datarate End	Internal temperature
Regional Parameters	RP001 Regional Parameters  1.0.2 revision B
REV	REV B
Frequency Plan (for EU)	Europe 863-870 MHz (SF12 for RX2 recommended)

APPEUI

Configuration options